Ea pele, surfactant
Likarolo tse tharo tse latelang tsa li-surfactants li sebelisoa hangata:
1. Anionic surfactant
1) Sodium alkyl Benzene sulfonate (LAS)
Likarolo: Biodegradability e ntle ea LAS ea mola;
Kopo: E sebelisoa e le motsoako o ka sehloohong oa phofo ea ho hlatsoa.
2) joala bo mafura polyoxyethylene ether sulfate (AES)
Likarolo: ho qhibiliha ka metsing, ho hloekisoa hantle le ho phophoma, ho kopantsoe le LAS decontamination le katleho.
Kopo: Karolo e ka sehloohong ea shampoo, mokelikeli oa ho hlapa, li-cutlery LS.
3) Alkane sulfonate ea bobeli (SAS)
Likarolo: ho foaming le ho hlatsoa phello e ts'oanang le LAS, ho qhibiliha ha metsi hantle.
Kopo: Metsoakong ea mokelikeli feela, joalo ka sesepa sa ho hlatsoa lijana ka metsi.
4) Fatty alcohol sulfate (FAS)
Likarolo: Ho hanyetsa metsi a thata, empa ho hanyetsa hydrolysis ho futsanehile;
Kopo: haholo-holo e sebelisetsoang ho lokisa li-detergents tsa mokelikeli, li-detergents tsa tableware, li-shampoo tse fapa-fapaneng, sesepa sa meno, liaparo tsa masela le lisebelisoa tsa ho hloekisa le emulsifying polymerization indastering ea lik'hemik'hale. Powdery FAS e ka sebelisoa ho lokisa phofshoana e hloekisang le phofo e kolobisang chefo e bolaeang likokoanyana.
5) α -olefin sulfonate (AOS)
Likarolo: Ts'ebetso e ts'oanang le LAS. Ha e halefise letlalo haholo 'me e senya ka lebelo le potlakileng.
Kopo: Haholo-holo e sebelisetsoa ho lokisa sesepa sa metsi le litlolo.
6) Mafura a mafura a methyl ester sulfonate (MES)
Litšobotsi: ts'ebetso e ntle ea holim'a metsi, ho senyeha ha sesepa sa k'halsiamo, ho hlatsoa le ho hloekisa, ho senyeha ha lintho tse phelang hantle, chefo e tlaase, empa ho hanyetsa alkaline e fokolang.
Kopo: e sebelisoa haholo joalo ka sesepa sa khalsiamo ea sesepa bakeng sa sesepa sa block le phofo ea sesepa.
7) joala bo mafura polyoxyethylene ether carboxylate (AEC)
Likarolo: ho qhibiliha ha metsi, ho hanyetsa metsi a thata, ho qhalakanngoa ha sesepa sa khalsiamo, ho koloba, ho phophoma, ho silafatsa, ho halefa hanyenyane, ho bonolo ho letlalo le mahlo;
Kopo: E sebelisoa haholo ho li-shampoo tse fapaneng, libate tse foam le lihlahisoa tsa tšireletso.
8) Acylsarcosine letsoai (Moriana)
Likarolo: qhibiliha ka metsing, foaming e ntle le detergency, e hanyetsanang le metsi a thata, e bonolo ho letlalo;
Kopo: e sebelisetsoa ho lokisa sesepa sa meno, shampoo, mokelikeli oa ho hlapa le lihlahisoa tse ling tsa tlhokomelo ea botho, tekanyo e khanyangSesepa sa LS,Sesepa sa khalase, Sesepa sa k'hapete le Sesepa sa masela a matle.
9) Oleyl polypeptide (Remibang A)
Litšobotsi: sesepa sa khalsiamo se na le matla a ho qhalakanya hantle, se tsitsitseng metsing a thata le tharollo ea alkaline, tharollo ea acidic e bonolo ho senyeha, ho bonolo ho monya mongobo, matla a fokolang a fokolang, ho halefa hanyenyane ho letlalo;
Kopo: e sebelisetsoa ho lokisa liindasteri tse fapanengSesebelisoa sa ho hlatsoa LS.
Sehlatso sa ho hlatsoetsa _ se hlatsoang
2. Li-surfactants tse seng tsa ionic
1) joala bo mafura a polyoxyethylene ether (AEO)
Likarolo: Ho ba le botsitso bo phahameng, ho qhibiliha ha metsi hantle, ho hanyetsa electrolyte, biodegradation e bonolo, foam e nyenyane, e sa tsotelleng metsi a thata, ts'ebetso ea ho hlatsoa mocheso o tlaase, ho lumellana hantle le li-surfactants tse ling;
Kopo: E loketse ho kopanya sesepa sa metsi sa foam se tlase.
2) Alkyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether (APE)
Likarolo: solubilizing, ho hanyetsa metsi a thata, ho theola, phello e ntle ea ho hlatsoa.
Kopo: e sebelisetsoa ho lokisa litlolo tse fapaneng tsa metsi le phofo.
3) asiti e mafura alkanolamide
Likarolo: khanyetso e matla ea hydrolytic, e nang le foaming e matla le phello e tsitsitseng, matla a matle a ho hlatsoa, matla a solubilizing, ho kolobisa, antistatic, bonolo le phello e teteaneng.
Kopo: e sebelisetsoa ho lokisa shampoo, mokelikeli oa ho hlapa, sesepa sa metsi sa ntlo, sesepa sa indasteri, li-rust inhibitor, lisebelisoa tsa masela, joalo-joalo.
4) Alkyl glycosides (APG)
Likarolo: tsitsipano e tlase ea holim'a metsi, ho silafala hantle, ho lumellana hantle, synergistic, foaming e ntle, ho qhibiliha hantle, alkali le ho hanyetsa electrolyte, bokhoni bo botle ba ho teteana, ho lumellana hantle le letlalo, ho ntlafatsa haholo mokhoa o bonolo, o se nang chefo, o sa teneheng, o bonolo oa biodegradation. .
Kopo: E ka sebelisoa e le thepa ea mantlha ea indasteri ea lik'hemik'hale ea letsatsi le letsatsi joalo ka shampoo, gel ea shaoara, sehloekisi sa sefahleho, sesepa sa ho hlatsoetsa liaparo, mokelikeli oa ho hlatsoa matsoho, mokelikeli oa ho hlatsoa lijana, sesebelisoa sa ho hloekisa meroho le litholoana. E boetse e sebelisoa ka phofo ea sesepa, phosphorus - sesepa sa mahala, phosphorus - sesepa sa mahala le lisebelisoa tse ling tsa maiketsetso.
5) Lihlahisoa tse mafura tsa methyl ester ethoxylation (MEE)
Likarolo: theko e tlase, ho qhibiliha ha metsi ka potlako, foam e tlase, ho teneha ho fokolang letlalong, chefo e tlase, ho senyeha ha lintho tse phelang hantle, ha ho na tšilafalo.
Tšebeliso: e sebelisetsoang ho lokisa li-detergents tsa metsi, li-detergents tse thata, li-detergents, joalo-joalo.
6) Tee saponin
Likarolo: bokhoni bo matla ba ho silafatsa, analgesia e khahlanong le ho ruruha, biodegradation e ntle, ha ho na tšilafalo.
Kopo: e sebelisetsoa ho lokisa sesepa le shampoo
7) Ho lahleheloa ke sorbitol fatty acid ester (Span) kapa ho lahleheloa ke sorbitol polyoxyethylene ether ester (Tween) :
Likarolo: e seng chefo, e halefileng e tlase.
Kopo: E sebelisetsoa ho lokisa sesepa
8) Oxide tertiary amines (OA, OB)
Likarolo: bokhoni bo botle ba ho foamisa, botsitso bo botle ba foam, bopaki ba bactericidal le hlobo, ho teneha ho fokolang letlalong, ho hloekisa ka kakaretso, ho kopanya hantle le ho hokahanya.
Tšebeliso: e sebelisetsoa ho lokisa sesepa sa metsi se kang shampoo, metsi a ho hlapa le sesepa sa tableware.
3. Amphoteric surfactant
1) Imidazoline amphoteric surfactant:
Likarolo: matla a ho hlatsoa hantle, ho hanyetsa electrolyte, botsitso ba acid-base, antistatic le bonolo, ts'ebetso e bonolo, e se nang chefo, ho teneha ho tlase letlalong.
Kopo: e sebelisetsoa ho lokisa sesepa sa ho hlatsoetsa liaparo, shampoo, mokelikeli oa ho hlapa, joalo-joalo.
2) Mohala oa ho bula imidazoline amphoteric surfactant:
Likarolo: blister e bonolo, e phahameng.
Kopo: e sebelisoa ha ho etsoa lihlahisoa tsa tlhokomelo ea motho ka mong, lihloekisi tsa ntlo, joalo-joalo.
Ea bobeli, ho hlatsoa li-additives
1. Karolo ea li-additives tsa sesepa
Ts'ebetso e ntlafalitsoeng ea bokaholimo; Ho nolofatsa metsi a thata; Ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea foam; Fokotsa ho halefa ha letlalo; Ntlafatsa ponahalo ea sehlahisoa.
Lisebelisoa tsa ho hlatsoa li arotsoe ka li-inorganic le li-organic axiliaries.
2. Li-additives tse sa tloaelehang
1) Phosphate
Li-phosphates tse sebelisoang hangata ke trisodium phosphate (Na3PO4), sodium tripolyphosphate (Na5P3O10), le tetrapotassium pyrophosphate (K4P2O7).
Karolo e ka sehloohong ea sodium tripolyphosphate: ao, e le hore metsi a thata ka har'a metsi a bonolo; E ka qhalakanya, ea emulsify le ho qhaqha likaroloana tse sa tloaelehang kapa marotholi a oli. Boloka tharollo ea metsi hore e be alkaline e fokolang (pH 9.7); Ho hlatsoa phofo ha ho bonolo ho monya mongobo le agglomerate.
2) silicate ea sodium
Ka tloaelo e tsejoa e le: sodium silicate kapa paohua alkali;
Mokhoa oa molek'hule: Na2O · nSiO2 · xH2O;
Tekanyo: hangata 5% ~ 10%.
Mosebetsi o ka sehloohong oa sodium silicate: ho hanyetsa kutu ea holim'a tšepe; E ka thibela litšila ho kenya lesela;Sesebelisoa sa ho hlatsoa LS
Eketsa matla a ho hlatsoa likaroloana tsa phofo ho thibela ho baka.
3) Sodium sulfate
E boetse e tsejoa e le Mirabilite (Na2SO4)
Ponahalo: kristale e tšoeu kapa phofo;
Karolo e ka sehloohong ea sodium sulfate: filler, dikahare tsa phofo ea ho hlatsoa ke 20% ~ 45%, e ka fokotsa litšenyehelo tsa phofo ea ho hlatsoa; Hoa thusa ho khomarela surfactant holim'a lesela; Fokotsa mahloriso a bohlokoa a micelle ea surfactant.
4) Sodium carbonate
Ka tloaelo e tsejoa e le: soda kapa soda, Na2CO3;
Ponahalo: phofo e tšoeu kapa likaroloana tse ntle tsa kristale
Melemo: e ka etsa saponification ea litšila, 'me ea boloka pH e itseng ea tharollo ea sesepa, e thusa ho senya, e na le phello ea ho nolofatsa metsi;
Mefokolo: alkaline e matla, empa e matla bakeng sa ho tlosa oli;
Morero: Phofo ea ho hlatsoa ea boemo bo tlaase.
5) zeolite
E boetse e tsejoa e le sieve ea molek'hule, ke letsoai la silicon ea aluminium ea crystalline, 'me matla a phapanyetsano ea Ca2 + a matla,' me sodium tripolyphosphate e arolelanoang, e ka ntlafatsa phello ea ho hlatsoa.
6) Bleach
Haholo-holo hypochlorite le peroxate mekhahlelo e 'meli, ho akarelletsa: hypochlorite sodium, sodium perborate, sodium percarbonate joalo-joalo.
Mosebetsi: bleaching le decontamination ea lik'hemik'hale.
Hangata tlhahisong ea sesepa sa phofo ka mor'a ts'ebetso ea ho kopanya, palo ea phofo e atisa ho ba 10% ~ 30% ea boleng.
7) alkaline
2. Li-additives tsa tlhaho
1) Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) (anti-deposition agent)
Ponahalo: phofo e tšoeu kapa e tšoeu ea milky kapa likaroloana, ho bonolo ho qhalakana ka metsing ka tharollo ea gelatin e hlakileng.
Ts'ebetso ea CMC: e na le ts'ebetso ea ho tiisa, ho hasanya, emulsifying, ho emisa, ho tsitsisa foam le ho jara litšila.
2) Moemeli oa bosoeu ba Fluorescent (FB)
Thepa e dailoeng e na le phello e benyang e ts'oanang le fluorite, e le hore thepa e bonoang ka mahlo e le tšoeu haholo, 'mala o nang le mebala e mengata, e ntlafatse ponahalo ea botle. Tekanyetso ke 0.1% ~ 0.3%.
3) enzyme
Li-enzyme tse hloekisang khoebo ke: protease, amylase, lipase, cellulase.
4) Foam stabilizer le foam regulator
Sesepa se phahameng sa foam: foam stabilizer
Lauryl diethanolamine le oli ea kokonate diethanolamine.
Sesepa sa foam se tlase: taolo ea foam
Sesepa sa dodecanoic acid kapa siloxane
5) motheo
Litlolo tse nkhang hamonate li entsoe ka litlolo tse fapaneng tse nkhang hamonate 'me li lumellana hantle le likarolo tsa sesepa. Li tsitsitse ho pH9 ~ 11. Boleng ba motsoako o kentsoeng ho sesepa hangata bo ka tlase ho 1%.
6) co-solvent
Ethanol, urea, polyethylene glycol, toluene sulfonate, joalo-joalo.
Ntho efe kapa efe e ka fokolisang momahano oa solute le solvent, e eketsa khoheli ea solute le solvent mme ha e na kotsi ho ts'ebetso ea ho hlatsoa 'me e theko e tlase e ka sebelisoa e le co-solvent.
7) solvent
(1) Oli ea phaene: ho etsa sterilization
Joala, ethers le lipids: kopanya metsi le solvent
Chlorinated solvent: chefo, e sebelisoang ho lihloekisi tse khethehileng, moemeli oa ho hloekisa.
8) Moemeli oa bacteriostatic
Bacteriostatic agent e atisa ho eketsoa boleng ba likete tse 'maloa, tse kang: tribromosalicylate aniline, trichloroacyl aniline kapa hexachlorobenzene, ha e na phello ea antibacteria, empa ka likete tse seng kae tsa karoloana ea boima e ka thibela ho ikatisa ha libaktheria.
9) Antistatic moemeli le softener lesela
Ka li-surfactants tse bonolo le tsa antistatic cationic: dimethyl ammonium chloride dimethyl octyl ammonium bromide distearate, letsoai le phahameng la carbon alkyl pyridine, letsoai le phahameng la carbon alkyl imidazoline;
Ka li-surfactants tse bonolo tse se nang ionic: carbon alcohol polyoxyethylene ethers le amine oxide e nang le liketane tse telele tsa carbon.
Nako ea poso: May-20-2022